Thursday, January 29, 2015

ENGVANGINNGE ENGLAND IN INDIA HNENAH INDEPENDENCE A PEK ?

This is my first published writting for public though i'd translated from english to Mizo(my own language), but i can say this is my own works as no one ever tranlsated this article into Mizo language before! and it was published in our college annual magazine 2003.

ENGVANGINNGE ENGLAND IN INDIA HNENAH INDEPENDENCE A PEK ?
-Lalzarzoa III B.A (Hist) R.No – 43.
Pachhunga University College.

Kan hriat theuh ang in India sorkarin England(Kumpinu) awpbehna hnuai atangin 15th August 1947 ah independence a nei a nihkha. Engvanginnge British Sorkar khan a ram awp India hnenahindependece a pek tak mai? A chhan kawng hrang hrangte lo sawi dawnila:-

1. India independence na tana chhan pawimawh ber chuNational Movement chak tak kal pui a nih vang a ni. Mahatma Gandhikaihhruaina hnuaiah mipui ten independenca neih ngei tumin nasatakin an bei a. The 'Quit India Movement' hmangin India mipui tenengchena rei pawh nise British thuneihna a tawp hma loh chuan beihzel an in huam a, an au hla, "Do or Die" leh "Now and Forever" teleh India National Army hotupa Subhash Chandra Bose-a au hla "DelhiChalo" tih te chuan British sorkar tan pawh hai rual lohvin Indiamiten independence an duhna chu dan rual a ni ta lo tih chiang takinhriattir a ni.

2. A chhan dang leh chu, India sipai ten Britishsorkarah rinngamna tak tak an neih loh vang a ni. India ram chhungahhelna leh buaina a lo chhuah pawhin British sorkarin sipai chaknahmangin a hmetmit mai thin a, mahse Indopui II-na a lo chhuah khanthil awmdan a inthlak danglam nasa hle. Indopui II-naah khan India misang tam tak British sipaiah an tang a, Allied Power ho chak nanchauh an bei lova, indo a zawh hunah India in independence a hmuh vengei an beisei vangin theih tawpin an bei a, Indo a zo va an beiseiangin Independence an hmu ta mai si lo, an beidawngin nationalmovement lamah nasa takin tan an la ta zawk hlauh mai. Sipai zingahPolitical Consciousness a lo darh a, 19th Feb 1946 ah Royal IndianNavy an nuar a, British-in India independence a pek loh chuan an hnatanga an ban vek tur thu an puang ta riap mai. Air Force base lamahpawh India sipaite an lo nuar ve bawk, Bombay, Calcutta leh Karachiah te buain a in mung cho tan a. Buina lian tham lo chhuak ta seBritish lam ngaihdanah chuan India sipai ten an pui tha duh dawn lotih an chiang reng si. Indian Ocean a British sipai awm ten hun engemaw chen chu an pui thei ang a, mahse rei an daih a rinawm si loh.Hetiang hi thil awmdan anih tak si ah chuan British sorkar pawhinindia ram atanga in hnuhdawh zai a rel ta mai a ni.

3. Indopui II-na a lo tawp khan British thuneitu ten IndianNational Army(INA) hruaitu pathum Col.Shah Nawaz, Capt.Sehgal lehDhillon leh member thenkhate sorkar laka indo an puan avangin court ahan chungchang ngaihtuah turin an thlen a,5th November – 31stDecember 1945 chhungin Red Fort, Delhi ah an chungchang anngaihtuah ta a, 3rd Jan 1946 ah an thu tlukna an puang a, thiam lohchan tir anni a , an pathum hian ramdang a thawn bo turin an rel a.Congress Working Committee in court thutlukna an duh loh thuchanchinbu ah an chhuah a, chu chu India mi tam takin an lo chhiara, ramchhung hmun hrang hrangah mipui ten court thu rel an duhlohna entir nan Mass Demontration an huaihawt a, police laminkhapbeh tumin tan an la, silai hial an hmet puak ta a, mitam tak innunna an chan a, buaina a chhuah zel a hlauhawm tak avangin Field MarshalAuchinlek, Commander-in-chief of India chuan heng mi pathumte hingaidamin a chhuah leh vek a. Tin, INA mite case zawng zawng pawh sorkarin a hnukdawk vek aNi tih h thu a puang bawk. INA Officers leh an mite sorkarin a chhuahtak te khan ramchhung hmun hrang hrang an tlawh kual a, mipui ten anlo lawmin 'Jai Hind' tiin an lo hmuak zel a. Mipuite phurna lehlungrualna an hmuhin British sorkar tan pawh India ram awpbeh rengchu thil theih a ni lo tih a chiang ta hle.

4. Indopui II-na hamlam kha chuan British chakna chuhnehtheihloh anga ngaih a ni a, mahse, Indopui II-na khan Britishsipaite chak lohna a rawn thlen ta a, hnehtheih an ni tih a rawn tilang ta. Japan lakah British sipai te an tlawm a. Hongkong,Singapore, Malaya leh Burma te Japanin an hnehchhuh sak a. Britishlawng chhuanvawr 'The Repulse' leh 'Prince of Wales' te an tih pilsak a. Great Britain chu hun rei tak a lo awp tawh Asia ram han awpa, thuneihna han chelh leh thei dinhmunah a ding ta bik lo a ni.

5. Great Britain in Indopui II-na lai khan a sum leh pai tamtak a seng ral a, ram dang pur lo thei lo dinhmun ah a ding ta.Ramdang sorkarah a innghat nasa hle, a bik takin eitur lam leh rawmaterial lamah kawng engkimah America a pur a. English mipui ten ramchhungah harsatna tam tak an tawk a. Chutih laia India ram enkawlnan sum leh pai lo sen ve reng kha thil finthlak b er a ni lem lo a ni. America lahin British hnenah India independence pe turin a lo nawr ve chhen bawk a. Pa luhlul leh rilru nghet tak Churchil(British PM) meuh pawhin India ram awpbeh reng hi hlawkna a awm lo a ti ve hial a ni.

6. Clement Attlee, khatih laia England PM kha, IndiaIndependence na atana theih tawp chhuah tu a ni. 1945 a EnglandPrime Minister a lo nih khan Indian Affairs a ngaihven viau a, angaihdan phei chuan England in sipai chakna hmang a India ram a rahbeh reng chuan India mipuite lakah British in thianthatna a hloh ngei ang a ti hial a ni. A rin ang ngeiin Indo-Burma relation chu nasatakin a chhe zui a. A thlirna atang chuan India mite nena inlaichinna tha awm theih dan tur chu independence pek mai a ni tih achiang a, a bul tan nan Cabinet Mission India-ah a tir a, mahse, ahlawhtling lova, a hnuah India hnenah thuneihna hlan dan tur ti felturin Lord Mountbatteb a tir leh a. P.M Clement Attlee hian India aindependence chuan British Mission a hlawhtling a ni a ti hial a ni.

7. British hovin India ram an chhuahsan na chhan dang leh chu,Indopui II-na tawp hnua Cold War chung changah Great Britain a inhnawmhnawih vang a ni. United States leh Russia inepna karah GreatBritain hi US lam tang a ni a. Russia lamin British in India a awpreng chu nasa takin a sawisel a; ramdang lak a adinhmun tihngheh leh siamthat nan Great Britain tan chuan India independence pek mai chu tih makmawh a ni ta ani.

8. Mitam takin India independence na turin an au chhuahpui a-Louis Fisher, Pearl Buck, Lin Yu-Tang, Norman te a lar zual te anni. U.N Charter siamtura San Francisco khawpui a Conference an neihahIndia ngaihdan sawi lan a ni a. Great Britain hi U.N Charter pawmpuitu ram a ni satliah mai lova, he Charter duang chhuak tu zing a mi ani a. Ram hrang hrang ten zalenna an neih theihnan a dan siam chhuaktu nisi ina India a awpbeh reng kha thil in hmeh lo tak a ni a. Chuvangchuan India hnenah Independence pek chu atan tih ngei ngei tur a ni.

9. Kum 1947 July khan British sorkarin a ram lo awp tawhte tanCommonwealth Relations Office a din a. Ram dangte tan hetiang a siamchuan India chungah pawh a ti ve tur a ni a. Chutih bakah, IndiaIndependence a pek chuan Commonwealth Nations khaipa ber tur anihhmel si a, chuvang chuan India Independence pek chu Britain tanhloh na a ni lutuk lovang.

10. India Independence nachhan pakhat chu India mi Indopui II-nalaia British sipai a tangte vang a ni. Indopui a lo chhuak a,British sipaiah tangin ramdangah mi tam tak an thawnchhuak a,ramdang an han hmu a. India mipuite retheih zia leh harsatna te an hre chhuak a, Indopui II-na a lo zo va, India ramah an rawn kirleh a, India dinhmun chhiatzia thu te an thian te leh chhungkhat hnenah an rawnsawi pung a, chu chuan India mipui te zing ah rilru thar a rawn siam a, India in independence a neih chuan an economics dinhmunpawhin hma a sawn ngei ang tih ngaihdan a lo piang a, chu ngaihdanchu England ah pawh a darh zel a. 1947 July a Indian IndependenceBill sawiho a nih pawhin Member of Pariament ten lungrual takin anpass thei ta a ni.

Source & Extracted from : India Since 1525 by V.D Mahajan (Why England gave IndiaIndependence? pp. 422 – 424

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